diff --git a/src/fetcher/kline_fetcher.py b/src/fetcher/kline_fetcher.py
index eb3ceb2..c5d18c8 100644
--- a/src/fetcher/kline_fetcher.py
+++ b/src/fetcher/kline_fetcher.py
@@ -48,8 +48,17 @@ class KlineFetcher:
         end = datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')
         start = (datetime.now() - timedelta(days=days + 5)).strftime('%Y%m%d')
         if cfg['ak_fn'] == 'hist':
-            df = ak.stock_zh_a_hist(symbol=code, period='daily',
-                                    start_date=start, end_date=end, adjust='qfq')
+            try:
+                df = ak.stock_zh_a_hist(symbol=code, period='daily',
+                                        start_date=start, end_date=end, adjust='qfq')
+            except Exception as e:
+                # EM 被限速/拦截时回退新浪日线（前复权）
+                sym = ('sh' if code[:1] == '6' else 'sz') + code
+                try:
+                    df = ak.stock_zh_a_daily(symbol=sym, start_date=start, end_date=end,
+                                             adjust='qfq')
+                except Exception as e2:
+                    raise e2 from e
         else:
             df = ak.stock_zh_a_hist_min_em(symbol=code, period=cfg['ak_period'],
                                            start_date=start + ' 09:30:00',
diff --git a/src/quant/engine.py b/src/quant/engine.py
index 9ce6e66..4873af9 100644
--- a/src/quant/engine.py
+++ b/src/quant/engine.py
@@ -75,6 +75,17 @@ class QuantEngine:
         finally:
             pass
 
+    def _kline_count(self, tf):
+        import sqlite3
+        try:
+            conn = sqlite3.connect(self.db_path, check_same_thread=False)
+            n = conn.execute("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM kline WHERE tf=? AND bar_time >= datetime('now','-2 days')",
+                             (tf,)).fetchone()[0]
+            conn.close()
+            return n
+        except Exception:
+            return 0
+
     def _kline_worker(self):
         """后台轮询：持续刷新宇宙内 K 线（day 全量 + 30/5 分钟）"""
         while not self._stop.is_set():
@@ -85,12 +96,22 @@ class QuantEngine:
                     continue
                 with self.state_lock:
                     self.names = names
+                fails = 0
                 for code in codes:
                     if self._stop.is_set():
                         return
                     for tf in ('day', '30'):
+                        before = self._kline_count(tf)
                         self.fetcher.sync(code, tf)
-                    time.sleep(1.0 / KLINE_QPS)
+                        if self._kline_count(tf) == before:
+                            fails += 1
+                        else:
+                            fails = max(0, fails - 1)
+                    # 限速：连续失败加退避，防触发源封禁
+                    if fails and fails % 5 == 0:
+                        time.sleep(min(30, 5 + fails))
+                    time.sleep(1.2)
+                print('[quant] 本轮K线刷新: {} 只, 连续未新增 {}'.format(len(codes), fails), flush=True)
                 with self.state_lock:
                     self.kline_ready = True
                 print('[quant] K线刷新完成一轮: {} 只'.format(len(codes)), flush=True)